本帖最后由 林夏 于 2009-6-2 21:29 编辑
这篇翻译是“日食资料翻译组织人手”帖子里需要翻译的文章中我所选择的一节。
原帖见:http://www.astronomy.com.cn/bbs/thread-111450-1-1.html
原文见:http://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEpubs/20090722/TP214169a.pdf
因为是科普文章,所以译文是直译和意译相结合,但是我尽量做到专业术语的翻译准确,若有不当之处,敬请指出,我会改正,谢谢大家。
以下是原文和译文,红黑反差大,便于阅读。
3.4 Sky at Totality
3.4 全食阶段的天空
As the partial phases progress, the temperature drops noticably. This can affect the focus of cameras and telescopes which should be checked as totality approaches.
当太阳被逐步吞食时,气温会明显下降。这将会影响照相机和望远镜的对焦,在全食到来时照相机和望远镜必须要检查。
The total phase of an eclipse is accompanied by the onset of a rapidly darkening sky whose appearance resembles evening twilight about half an hour after sunset. The effect presents an excellent opportunity to view planets and bright stars in the daytime sky. Aside from the sheer novelty of it, such observations are useful in gauging the apparent sky brightness and transparency during totality.
食甚时,天空会迅速变黑,出现类似日落半小时后的黄昏暮光。这时会有一个极好的机会在白天观测行星和明亮的恒星。暂且不说它有多么地新奇,全食时的这种观测,在精确计量视天空亮度和透明度时也是很有用的。
During the total solar eclipse of 2009, the Sun is in western Cancer near its border with Gemini. Three or four naked-eye planets and a number of bright stars may be visible during totality. Figure 25 depicts the appearance of the sky as seen from the central line at 01:30 UT. This corresponds to southern China, east of Wuhan.
在2009年日全食期间,太阳位于西方的巨蟹座和双子座的交界处。三个或者四个肉眼可见的行星以及许多明亮的恒星也许能在全食阶段看到。图25显示了01:30UT(世界时01:30)时,中心线上天空出现的星象。此时的星象与华南的武汉东部的星象一致。
The brightest and most conspicuous planet will be Venus (m[sub]v[/sub]= –3.9). It is located in Taurus about 41° west of the Sun and is nearly overhead from this geographic position. Mercury (m[sub]v[/sub]= –1.4) should also be easy to spot 9° east of the Sun. Mars is considerably fainter (m[sub]v[/sub]= +1.1) 12° west of Venus and 52°west the Sun. Finally, Saturn (m[sub]v[/sub]= +1.1) is located 49° east of the Sun in Leo. In Figure 25, Saturn appears very low on the eastern horizon making its detection nearly impossible. It is higher in the sky along the Pacific section of the eclipse track (and below the horizon from India).
最亮和最显著的行星将会是金星(m[sub]v[/sub]=-3.9)。它位于金牛座,在太阳以西大约41°,几乎就在当地的头顶。水星(m[sub]v[/sub]=-1.4)出现在太阳东边9°。火星则要暗得多(m[sub]v[/sub]=+1.1),在金星以西12°、太阳以西52°的地方可见。最后是土星(m[sub]v[/sub]=+1.1),出现在太阳以东49°的狮子座。在图25中,土星出现在东方地平线非常低的位置以至于几乎不可能看到它。随着日食轨迹延伸到太平洋部分,土星在天空中的位置会高些(从印度开始是在地平线以下)。
A number of bright winter constellation stars may be visible during the eerie twilight of totality. Several of them lie near the Sun and include Pollux (m[sub]v[/sub]= +1.14), Castor (m[sub]v[/sub]=+1.94), and Procyon (m[sub]v[/sub]= +0.38), located 9° north, 13° north, and 16° south of the Sun, respectively. Other bright stars located south and west of the Sun are Sirius (m[sub]v[/sub] = –1.44), Betelgeuse (m[sub]v[/sub] = +0.5v), Rigel (m[sub]v[/sub]= +0.12), and Aldebaran (m[sub]v[/sub]=+0.87v). Finally, Capella (m[sub]v[/sub]= +0.08) lies 43° northwest of the Sun, while Regulus (m[sub]v[/sub]= +1.35) is 31° to the east. Star visibility requires a very dark and cloud-free sky during the total eclipse phase.
许多明亮的、在冬季才能见的星星,在食甚时奇特的微光中也许能够被看到。其中的几个离太阳很近,包括北河三(m[sub]v[/sub]=+1.14),北河二(m[sub]v[/sub]=+1.94),南河三(m[sub]v[/sub]=+0.38),分别在太阳以北9°,以北13°,以南16°。其他明亮的位于太阳以南和以西的星星有,天狼星(m[sub]v[/sub]=-1.44),参宿四(m[sub]v[/sub]=+0.5v),参宿七(m[sub]v[/sub]=+0.12),毕宿五(m[sub]v[/sub]=+0.87v)。最后,五车二(m[sub]v[/sub]=+0.08)位于太阳的西北方43°,轩辕十四(m[sub]v[/sub]=+1.35)则在太阳以东31°。在食甚时天空要非常黑而且没有云才能看见星星。
At the bottom of Figure 25, a geocentric ephemeris (using Bretagnon and Simon 1986) gives the apparent positions of the naked-eye planets during the eclipse. Delta is the distance of the planet from Earth (in Astronomical Units), App. Mag. is the apparent visual magnitude of the planet, and Solar Elong gives the elongation or angle between the Sun and planet.
在图25的底部,一个地心历表(使用Bretagnon和Simon 1986)给出了日食期间肉眼可见的行星的视位置。Delta是行星距离地球的距离(单位:天文单位),App. Mag. 是行星的视星等,Solar Elong 是太阳和行星之间的角距离。
For maps of the sky during totality as seen from India and the Pacific Ocean, see NASA’s Web site for the 2009 total solar eclipse: <http://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEmono/TSE2009/TSE2009.html>.
至于从印度到太平洋的日全食期间的天象图,可参见NASA的“2009日全食”网站:<http://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEmono/TSE2009/TSE2009.html>。
FIG 25
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