APOD 20090830 D. rad Bacteria: Candidate Astronauts

sagalliant

来源：APOD

These bacteria could survive on another planet. In an Earth lab, Deinococcus radiodurans (D. rad) survive extreme levels of radiation, extreme temperatures, dehydration, and exposure to genotoxic chemicals. Amazingly, they even have the ability to repair their own DNA, usually with 48 hours. Known as an extremophile, bacteria such as D. rad are of interest to NASA partly because they might be adaptable to help human astronauts survive on other worlds. A recent map of D. rad's DNA might allow biologists to augment their survival skills with the ability to produce medicine, clean water, and oxygen. Already they have been genetically engineered to help clean up spills of toxic mercury. Likely one of the oldest surviving life forms, D. rad was discovered by accident in the 1950s when scientists investigating food preservation techniques could not easily kill it. Pictured above, Deinococcus radiodurans grow quietly in a dish.
D. rad Bacteria: Candidate Astronauts
耐辐射奇异球菌：宇宙航行候选者
http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/image/0908/drad_daly.jpg
Credit: Michael Daly (Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences), DOE
版权：迈克尔.戴利（美国国防医科大学），美国能源部（Department Of Energy）
Explanation:
These bacteria could survive on another planet. In an Earth lab,Deinococcus radiodurans (D. rad) survive extreme levels of radiation,extreme temperatures, dehydration, and exposure to genotoxic chemicals.Amazingly, they even have the ability to repair their own DNA, usuallywithin 48 hours. Known as an extremophile, bacteria such as D. rad areof interest to NASA partly because they might be adaptable to helphuman astronauts survive on other worlds. A recent map of D. rad's DNAmight allow biologists to augment their survival skills with theability to produce medicine, clean water, and oxygen. Already they havebeen genetically engineered to help clean up spills of toxic mercury.
感谢gohomeman1同好翻译：
说明：这些细菌应该能在其他行星上生存。在地球的实验室中，耐辐射奇异球菌（D.rad）在如此极端的环境下仍能存活：高剂量辐射、极端温度、脱水和有毒化学环境下。令人惊讶的是它们貌似能在48小时内修复自己的DNA。像D.rad这样的嗜极菌之所以引起美国宇航局的关注，部分原因在于它们经过改造，能帮助人类宇航员在其他的星球世界上生存。借助最新的D.rad菌DNA序列图谱，生物学家可以让它们制造药物、净化水和氧气，以提高宇航员的生存技能。借助基因工程（成就），它们早已在协助清除水银泄漏（造成的）污染。
Likely one of the oldest surviving lifeforms, D. rad was discovered by accident in the 1950s when scientistsinvestigating food preservation techniques could not easily kill it.Pictured above, Deinococcus radiodurans grow quietly in a dish.
作为地球上最古老的生命形式之一，上世纪50年代科学家偶然发现了D. rad菌，当时他们在研究食品防腐技术，发现这些细菌难于被杀死。上图中，耐辐射奇异球菌（D. rad）正在培养皿中安静地生长。

AJJ

耐辐射球菌??

skyczheng

期待好的翻译！

lisure

这是什么东东?看不懂,能否翻译以下

gohomeman1

D. rad Bacteria: Candidate Astronauts
耐辐射奇异球菌：宇宙航行候选者
http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/image/0908/drad_daly.jpg
Credit: Michael Daly (Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences), DOE
版权：迈克尔.戴利（美国国防医科大学），美国能源部（Department Of Energy）
Explanation:
These bacteria could survive on another planet. In an Earth lab, Deinococcus radiodurans (D. rad) survive extreme levels of radiation, extreme temperatures, dehydration, and exposure to genotoxic chemicals. Amazingly, they even have the ability to repair their own DNA, usually within 48 hours. Known as an extremophile, bacteria such as D. rad are of interest to NASA partly because they might be adaptable to help human astronauts survive on other worlds. A recent map of D. rad's DNA might allow biologists to augment their survival skills with the ability to produce medicine, clean water, and oxygen. Already they have been genetically engineered to help clean up spills of toxic mercury.
说明：这些细菌应该能在其他行星上生存。在地球的实验室中，耐辐射奇异球菌（D. rad）在如此极端的环境下仍能存活：高剂量辐射、极端温度、脱水和有毒化学环境下。令人惊讶的是它们貌似能在48小时内修复自己的DNA。像D. rad这样的嗜极菌之所以引起美国宇航局的关注，部分原因在于它们经过改造，能帮助人类宇航员在其他的星球世界上生存。借助最新的D. rad菌DNA序列图谱，生物学家可以让它们制造药物、净化水和氧气，以提高宇航员的生存技能。借助基因工程（成就），它们早已在协助清除水银泄漏（造成的）污染。
Likely one of the oldest surviving life forms, D. rad was discovered by accident in the 1950s when scientists investigating food preservation techniques could not easily kill it. Pictured above, Deinococcus radiodurans grow quietly in a dish.
作为地球上最古老的生命形式之一，上世纪50年代科学家偶然发现了D. rad菌，当时他们在研究食品防腐技术，发现这些细菌难于被杀死。上图中，耐辐射奇异球菌（D. rad）正在培养皿中安静地生长。

PS：此文专用名词多，其中的extremophile是指在极端环境下生存的生命形态，并不一定是细菌。它们的生存环境与我们常见的环境差别巨大，比如高温、高盐、高压（大洋中脊）、强酸性环境（某些矿物环境中）等。——gohomeman1注

skyczheng

就是说在人类以后的宇宙探测中，它们能起到帮助人类生存的作用！

mgjacky

微观世界比我们想象的厉害。