这张可见光和X射线的合成图展示了位于大麦哲伦星云剧烈的超新星爆炸所产生的结果，一个小星系，距离地球大约160000光年。来自爆炸的碎片，超新星遗迹SNR 0509-67.5，展示在钱得拉x射线天文台所拍照片里（上部的嵌图），嵌图中低能x射线以红色标记，中级能量为绿色，高能x射线是蓝色。在 2004年期间，科学家利用钱德拉得知SNR 0509-67.5与Ia型超新星非常相似，并使用元素分析法，例如硅和铁，都被探测到。Ia型被认为是由双星系统中的达到零界质量的白矮星爆炸形成的。
头次观测时，天文学家们已经使用两种方法—超新星遗迹x射线波段的观测和爆炸延展的回光波段的观测—评估超新星爆炸产生的能量大小。在两篇各自不同的论文中，天文学家可以总结到超新星形成于400年前（以地球时位标准），并且当时是非藏明亮和活跃的。在测定强大超新星爆炸的历史中，这是最好的一次。
在新的可见光波段的回光光谱研究中，由双子天文台拍摄，被用来确定超新星为Ia型并分明测试详细的爆炸类型和其能量。在新的x射线研究中，利用超新星分析法和state-of-the-art爆炸模型，将来自钱德拉和ESA的XMM-Newton天文台的光谱独立用来计算最初爆炸中的能量大小。x射线研究成果也被总结出爆炸是特别的剧烈和明亮，属于多种超新星类型中的Ia型，由可靠的爆炸模型证实。
This combination of X-ray and optical images shows the aftermath of a powerful supernova explosion in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), a small galaxy about 160,000 light years from Earth. The debris from this explosion, the supernova remnant SNR 0509-67.5, is shown in a Chandra X-ray Observatory image (upper inset), where the lowest energy X-rays are shown in red, the intermediate energies are green and the highest energies are blue. In 2004, scientists used Chandra to show that SNR 0509-67.5 was likely caused by a Type Ia supernova, using an analysis of the elements, such as silicon and iron, that were detected. A Type Ia is thought to result from a white dwarf star in a binary system that reaches a critical mass and explodes.
For the first time astronomers have used two methods - X-ray observations of a supernova remnant and optical observations of the expanding light echoes from the explosion - to estimate the energy of a supernova explosion. In two separate papers, astronomers concluded that the supernova occurred about 400 years ago (in Earth's time frame), and was unusually bright and energetic. This is the best ever determination of the power of a supernova explosion long after it was visible from Earth.
In the new optical study spectra of the light echo, obtained with Gemini Observatory, were used to confirm that the supernova was a Type Ia and to unambiguously determine the particular class of explosion and therefore its energy. In the new X-ray study, spectra from Chandra and ESA's XMM-Newton Observatory were then independently used to calculate the amount of energy involved in the original explosion, using an analysis of the supernova remnant and state-of-the-art explosion models. The X-ray work also concluded that the explosion was an especially energetic and bright variety of Type Ia supernova, confirming the validity of the explosion models.
自翻
url:http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2008/snr0509/
大麦哲伦星云
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