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德科学家发明新型光学显微镜 突破阿贝极限

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雪山飞鱼 发表于 2006-11-28 10:54 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式 来自: 中国–北京–北京–海淀区 联通

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  突破“阿贝极限”荣获“未来奖”

  2006年度德国“未来奖”上周揭晓。凭借发明突破200纳米“阿贝极限”的光学显微镜,德国马克斯-普朗克学会生物物理化学研究所所长施特芬·黑尔获得了这一荣誉。

  一年一度的“未来奖”是德国最重要的科学奖。

  黑尔在接过德国总统克勒颁发的奖杯时表示,将把所获得的25万欧元奖金作为一个科技公司的启动资金,为将来研究更好的显微镜奠定基础。

  18世纪70年代,德国物理学家恩斯特·阿贝发现,可见光由于其波动特性会发生衍射,因而光束不能无限聚焦。根据这个阿贝定律,可见光能聚焦的最小直径是光波波长的三分之一,也就是200纳米。一个多世纪以来,200纳米的“阿贝极限”一直被认为是光学显微镜理论上的分辨率极限,小于这个尺寸的物体必须借助电子显微镜或隧道扫描显微镜才能观察。

  但黑尔等科学家却巧妙地借助脉冲激光的作用,突破了“阿贝极限”。他们发明的新型的光学显微镜能够观察20纳米左右的微小生物。据悉,这种新型光学显微镜将于明年投放市场,预计价格在80万欧元左右。(金晶)
Argo Navis 发表于 2006-11-29 13:02 | 显示全部楼层 来自: 中国–北京–北京 教育网/北京师范大学
好消息啊,我找到了出处

http://www.mpibpc.mpg.de/groups/pr/PR/2006/06_25/index_en.html

Max-Planck-Institut
für biophysikalische Chemie
Göttingen


Stefan Hell is the winner of the 10th Innovation Award of the Federal President of Germany

The Innovation Award 2006, conferred by the Federal President of Germany, has been given to Prof. Stefan Hell, director at the Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry and head of the Department of NanoBiophotonics. His project, "Light Microscopy with Unprecedented Resolution", one of four nominated, has been selected for the award. It is the second time during its 10 year history that the prize has been given to scientists of the Göttingen Max Planck Institute.

                               
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Prof. Dr. Stefan W. Hell
© Deutscher Zukunftspreis, Foto: Ansgar Pudenz
       
The jury has made their decision: The 10th Innovation Award conferred by the Federal President of Germany goes to Stefan Hell for his idea to improve the resolution of light microscopy beyond the formerly known physical limits. The decision was announced during a gala ceremony in Berlin by the Federal President of Germany, Horst Köhler.

The award consists of 250,000 Euros in prize money and is considered one of the most prestigious conferred for science and innovation within Germany. The award is more than a scientific prize, however, not only identifying a project that is of high scientific value, but one which is also mature for commercial markets with concrete applications. Since 1997, when the price was first conferred, 10 projects have now been awarded. The winners in 1999 were Peter Gruss and Herbert Jäckle, also directors at the Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry.

Stefan Hell was unwilling to accept that the resolution of a lens-based light microscope was limited by physical laws. With new and unconventional ideas developed over many years, he has turned accepted textbook knowledge on its head and revolutionized the possibilities of fluorescence microscopy. With STED microscopy, developed by Dr. Hell, details within cells can be seen which remain hidden by even the best-resolving conventional microscopes.

The jury has selected this innovative and successful project, highlighting a new method which promises novel insights and technological applications in different fields. "Leica Microsystems, based in Mannheim, Germany, has announced that they will bring the STED microscope to the market in 2007," says Hell. Because it will be the first commercial microscope in many years with substantially higher resolution, he adds: "It shouldn't be difficult to sell." The value of the instrument is not measured by the sales price, however. The substantially clearer images of details in cell interiors will likely lead to new discoveries in medical research, enabling related spin-offs: new forms of therapy, new medicines, and the associated value of these further discoveries. "This market doesn't only have another order of magnitude, but a human dimension," remarks Hell.        

A look at the inside of cells becomes sharper: Both figures above show the filaments
in a human nerve cell; left with a common confocal microscope, right with a STED microscope
plus mathematical deconvolution. The resolution of the STED microscope is better by more than an order of magnitude.    Source: MPI Biophysical Chemistry

                               
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Born in 1962, Stefan Hell studied Physics in Heidelberg. He had "fantastic" teachers, from whom he acquired the enthusiasm to become a physicist, engage in research and strive to understand of the workings of nature. After attaining his doctoral degree in Heidelberg in 1990, he initially pursued his ideas as a "freelance inventor." After a time as a postdoc at the EMBL (European Molecular Biology Laboratory) in Heidelberg, he traveled to the university in Turku, Finland, in 1993, where he worked as a group leader. There he developed the principles of STED microscopy. In 1996 Hell began as the principle investigator of a junior research group at the Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry in Göttingen, where he has lead the Department of NanoBiophotonics since 2002. Hell is a scientific member of the Max Planck Society, and since 2004, an honorary professor for experimental physics at the Georg-August University in Göttingen. He has received numerous awards: the Prize of the International Commission for Optics (ICO), among others.        

       


                               
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These and more pictures to be used also in News reports can be found at www.deutscher-zukunftspreis.de
© Deutscher Zukunftspreis, Photos: Ansgar Pudenz

Further Information:

www.deutscher-zukunftspreis.de
here you will find an Interview of Prof. Stefan Hell (in German), short description of the method (in German) and more pictures.

www.mpibpc.mpg.de/english/aktuell/pr/ - Press Releases of April 14, and August 10, 2006

www.mpibpc.mpg.de/english/reports/mpf/04_1MPF_20_24.pdf - Article in MaxPlanckResearch Issue 1/2004

Prof. Stefan W. Hell, Max Planck Institut for Biophysical Chemistry, Dept. NanoBiophotonik, Am Fassberg 11, 37077 Goettingen, phone: +49 551 201-2500, fax: -2505, eMail: shell@gwdg.de

Notes for News Media:
You are free to use text and/or photographs in your reports provided you cite source and copyright references. Please send us a copy. Further pictures are available at the website www.deutscher-zukunftspreis.de (see above)
For your name will scorch my lips like a seraph's kiss
if I forget thee, Jerusalem, golden in your entirety.
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ssry 发表于 2006-11-29 19:52 | 显示全部楼层 来自: 中国–广东–深圳 电信/教育网出口
确实厉害!
不过也是得益于激光技术的出现.
这就提醒了我们,在现代技术条件下,原来被认为不可能的事,现在也可以借助新技术来完成原来被认为"不可能完成的任务".
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花楹 发表于 2006-11-30 19:51 | 显示全部楼层 来自: 中国–天津–天津–河东区 联通
好帖就要顶 ^^
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活动星图 发表于 2006-12-1 12:26 | 显示全部楼层 来自: 中国–河北–石家庄 电信
光头就是好脑子~~~

可惜我不是...... ops:
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totopc 发表于 2009-3-23 22:21 | 显示全部楼层 来自: 中国–重庆–重庆 电信
提示: 作者被禁止或删除 内容自动屏蔽
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